Hygiene-based measures for the prevention of cytomegalovirus infection in pregnant women: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the most frequent congenital infection worldwide causing important sequelae. However, no vaccine or antiviral treatments are currently available, thus interventions are restricted to behavioral measures. The aim of this systematic review was to assess evidence from available intervention studies using hygiene-based measures to prevent HCMV infection during pregnancy. METHODS: Studies published from 1972 to 2023 were searched in Medline, PsycInfo, and Clinical Trials (PROSPERO, CRD42022344840) according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Methodological quality was assessed by two authors, using ROBE-2 and MINORS. RESULTS: After reviewing 6 selected articles, the outcome analysis suggested that implementation of hygiene-based interventions during pregnancy prevent, to some extent, the acquisition of congenital HCMV. CONCLUSIONS: However, these conclusions are based on limited and low-quality evidence available from few studies using this type of intervention in clinical practice. Thus, it would be necessary to perform effective and homogeneous intervention studies using hygiene-based measures, evaluated in high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

The healthy moms and babies app to prevent postpartum depression: analysis of user-profiles and dropout cases.

Introduction: Perinatal depression affects mothers, babies and society. Preventive interventions are needed, but face barriers to access. E-health interventions could be an effective and accessible option. To date, few studies have attempted to understand the use of mobile health (m-health) applications and why they are not more widely used. This study aims to understand the demographic characteristics of enrolled participants and examine dropout patterns through the Healthy Moms and Babies app. Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted with a sample of 511 women recruited between 2020 and 2022. Data were collected from the app, including sociodemographic information, the participant's progress through the modules of the app, and the permissions granted to use the app. Results: Out of the 511 women who completed the initial form to initiate participation, 279 downloaded the app and completed the evaluation. Results indicated that granting permission to be notified about the module's availability is related to an increase in the use of the first modules. Conclusion: This study shows the importance of establishing follow-ups in the use of mobile apps during the perinatal period.

Relationship between social support and perinatal depression during the COVID-19 pandemic.

AIMS/BACKGROUND: This research aimed to identify the sources of social support and its relationship with perinatal depression (PPD) during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. DESIGN/METHODS: We carried out a cross-sectional study with a sample of 3,356 women during perinatal period living in Spain. We used five items from the Spanish version of the Coronavirus Perinatal Experiences - Impact Survey to assess the impact of COVID-19 on social support and, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was used to assess depressive symptomatology. RESULTS: The results obtained identified a possible relationship between seeking in-person support (OR = 0.51; 0.67, during pregnancy and after delivery respectively) and degree of feeling social support (OR = 0.77; 0.77) during the COVID-19 pandemic with a lower prevalence of depression. Otherwise, requiring the help of a mental health professional (OR = 2.92; 2.41) and weeks of confinement (OR = 1.03; 1.01) appeared to be associated with a higher prevalence of depression. During pregnancy, a possible association was found between the degree of concern about future changes in support and involvement of family and friends (OR = 1.75) with a higher prevalence of depression. On the other hand, in the postpartum period, there seems to be a relationship between seeking social support through social media (OR = 1.32) with a higher prevalence of depression and receiving support from friends (OR = 0.70) and health professionals (OR = 0.53) with a lower prevalence of depression. CONCLUSION: These results highlighted the importance of protecting perinatal mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic by protecting and developing social support networks.

Perinatal Depression in the Spanish Context: Consensus Report from the General Council of Psychology of Spain / La depresión perinatal en el contexto español: informe de consenso del Consejo General de Psicología de España

Background: Perinatal depression is a major public health problem, with an estimated prevalence of approximately 15% during the first postpartum year. Despite the high prevalence of postpartum depression, there is no consensus regarding assessment and treatment in the Spanish context. The General Council of Psychology of Spain convened a working group of experts in the field, including both academics and healthcare professionals, to review and propose recommendations based on evidence and best practices that could be applied in the Spanish context. Method: A literature search was completed in various databases (e.g., Medline, PsychInfo) including a combination of terms related to peripartum depression (PPD) assessment and diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and cost-effectiveness. A narrative synthesis of the literature has been conducted together with a critical overview of PPD with a special focus on the Spanish context. Results: In this consensus report, developing questions including prevalence and assessment tools, comparative effectiveness of preventive and treatment interventions, and cost-effectiveness of PPD management have been analyzed. Conclusions: The General Council of Psychology of Spain network advocates the establishment of compulsory screening protocols in all the autonomous regions. Also, it is necessary to promote the inclusion in maternal education of programs for the promotion of mental well-being and selective/indicated prevention carried out by a psychology professional with specialized training in the area. This consensus document also promotes the presence of a psychology professional with specialized training in the area. (AU)

Antecedentes: La depresión perinatal es un importante problema de salud pública, con una prevalencia estimada de aproximadamente el 15% durante el primer año posparto. A pesar de la gran prevalencia de depresión posparto (DPP), no existe consenso sobre la evaluación y el tratamiento en el contexto español. El Consejo General de Psicología de España convocó a un grupo de trabajo de expertos en la materia, tanto académicos como profesionales sanitarios, para revisar y proponer recomendaciones basadas en evidencias y mejores prácticas que puedan aplicarse en el contexto español. Método: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en varias bases de datos (p. ej., Medline, PsychInfo) que incluía una combinación de términos relacionados con la evaluación y el diagnóstico de la DPP, prevención, tratamiento y coste-eficacia. Se ha realizado una síntesis narrativa de la literatura junto con una visión crítica de la DPP con un enfoque especial en el contexto español. Resultados: Las preguntas de desarrollo que incluyen prevalencia y herramientas de evaluación, la eficacia comparativa de las intervenciones preventivas y de tratamiento y la relación coste-efectividad de la gestión de la PPD se han analizado en este informe de consenso. Conclusiones: La red del Consejo General de Psicología de España aboga por el establecimiento de protocolos obligatorios de cribado en todas las Comunidades Autónomas. Asimismo, es necesario promover la inclusión en la educación materna de programas de promoción del bienestar mental y la prevención selectiva indicada llevadas a cabo por un profesional de la psicología con formación especializada en el área. (AU)

The socio-demographic profile associated with perinatal depression during the COVID-19 era.

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused an increase in perinatal depression. The aim of this research was to identify which sociodemographic variables are related to the increase in perinatal depression due to the pandemic. In addition to estimating to what extent they predict perinatal depression, differentiating the prenatal and postnatal periods. METHODS: The sample consisted of 3,356 subjects, 1,402 in the prenatal period and 1,954 in the postnatal period. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was used to assess depressive symptomatology. A subset of 14 questions was included to collect demographic data. Items from the Spanish version of the Coronavirus Perinatal Experiences Survey were also included. RESULTS: Experiencing the change of environment due to COVID-19 as negative and having a history of mental health predict perinatal depression, otherwise having higher education decreases the risk. In the prenatal stage having symptoms compatible with COVID-19 is a predictor of perinatal depression and having more than 3 years living together with the partner and being a housewife decreases the risk. In the postnatal stage being unemployed is a predictor of prenatal depression and being a first-time mother decreases the risk. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the relevance of sociodemographic status. It is essential to be aware of the risk factors of perinatal depression, to make adequate prevention, and to create health policies to alleviate the consequences of the pandemic.

El tratamiento psicológico del insomnio durante la infancia: Una revisión paraguas / The psychological treatment of insomnia during childhood: An umbrella review

El insomnio es un problema muy frecuente en niños y adolescentes y está relacionado con numerosos resultados negativos. La evidencia sobre lasintervenciones psicológicas efectivas en el tratamiento del insomnio infantil ha ido en aumento, pero carece de una síntesis exhaustiva de los hallazgos. Por ello, realizamos una revisión sistemática de revisiones sistemáticas y meta-análisis sobre la efectividad de las intervenciones psicológicasen el tratamiento del insomnio infantil. Se realizaron búsquedas en la base de datos PsycINFO, hasta julio de 2022, mediante una combinaciónde palabras clave. Los datos fueron extraídos de forma independiente por las dos autoras y se presentó una síntesis de los resultados. La calidadmetodológica fue evaluada de forma independiente por las dos autoras, utilizando AMSTAR-2. Se incluyeron cuatro artículos que informaron, engeneral, sobre la efectividad de las intervenciones psicológicas para disminuir los síntomas de insomnio durante la infancia y adolescencia, tanto acorto como a largo plazo. Las revisiones incluidas fueron calificadas con una calidad metodológica baja, lo que debilita la evidencia de los resultados reportados. Se encontró que actualmente la Terapia Cognitivo Conductual es la intervención psicológica más basada en la evidencia y la másefectiva, independientemente del formato de tratamiento. Se necesitan realizar más ensayos clínicos aleatorios de alta calidad. (AU)

Insomnia is a very common problem in children and adolescents andis associated with numerous negative outcomes. Evidence for effective psychological interventions in the treatment of childhood insomnia has beenincreasing, but lacks a comprehensive synthesis of findings. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analyseson the effectiveness of psychological interventions in the treatment of childhood insomnia. We searched the PsycINFO database, until July 2022, using a combination of keywords. Data were extracted independently by the two authors and a synthesis of the results was presented. Methodologicalquality was assessed independently by the two authors using AMSTAR-2. Four articles were included that reported, in general, on the effectivenessof psychological interventions to decrease insomnia symptoms during childhood and adolescence, both in the short and long term. The includedreviews were rated with low methodological quality, which weakens the evidence for the reported results. CBT was currently found to be the mostevidence-based and effective psychological intervention, regardless of treatment format. More high-quality randomized clinical trials are needed. (AU)

The Relationship between Healthcare Experience and Perinatal Depression during COVID-19 Pandemic / La relación entre la experiencia de la atención sanitaria y la depresión perinatal durante la pandemia COVID-19

Background: The prevalence of peripartum depression (PPD) has increased substantially since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. To reduce the probability of contagion, hospitals had to adapt their care protocols, including the care of women in the perinatal period. Method: A cross-sectional study was used in a total sample of 3,356 women, 1,402 in the prenatal period and 1,954 in the postnatal period. They completed the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale to assess depressive symptoms and the Spanish version of the Coronavirus Perinatal Experiences to assess health experience. Results: The results showed that feeling very well supported by a health professional was associated with a lower risk of PPD. On the other hand, believing it very important to have access to a mental health professional and being concerned about changes in infant care due to COVID-19 were associated with a higher risk of PPD. Conclusion: The results showed the relationship between health experience and the risk of depressive symptoms, highlighting the importance of considering the psychological aspects in the development of measures and protocols for perinatal care. (AU)

Antecedentes: La prevalencia de la depresión perinatal ha aumentado sustancialmente desde el inicio de la pandemia debido al coronavirus (COVID-19). Para reducir la probabilidad de contagio, los hospitales tuvieron que adaptar sus protocolos asistenciales, incluyendo la atención a las mujeres en el periodo perinatal. Método: Se utilizó un estudio transversal en una muestra total de 3,356 mujeres, 1,402 en el período prenatal y 1,954 en el período postnatal. Cumplimentaron la Escala de Depresión Postnatal de Edimburgo para evaluar los síntomas depresivos y la versión española de la Encuesta sobre Experiencias Perinatales durante el Coronavirus para evaluar la experiencia de la atención sanitaria. Resultados. Los resultados mostraron que sentirse muy bien apoyada por un profesional de la salud se asoció con un menor riesgo de desarrollar depresión perinatal. Por otro lado, creer que es muy importante tener acceso a un profesional de la salud mental y estar preocupada por los cambios en el cuidado del bebé debido al COVID-19 se asociaron con un mayor riesgo de depresión perinatal. Conclusión: Los resultados mostraron la relación entre la experiencia sanitaria y el riesgo de síntomas depresivos, destacando la importancia de considerar los aspectos psicológicos en el desarrollo de medidas y protocolos de atención perinatal. (AU)